Colon cancer, also known as colorectal cancer, is the third most common type of cancer in the United States. It typically begins with small, benign clumps of cells known as polyps that form on the inner walls of the large intestine. Over time, these polyps can become colon cancers. Early detection is critical, as it significantly improves the prognosis and survival rates. Recognizing the early symptoms of colon cancer can potentially save lives. This article will discuss six early symptoms of colon cancer that everyone should be aware of.
Changes in Bowel Habits
One of the most common early symptoms of colon cancer is a change in bowel habits. This can include diarrhea, constipation, or a change in the consistency of the stool that lasts longer than four weeks. People with colon cancer may also experience a feeling of incomplete evacuation, which is the sensation of needing to pass stool even after doing so. It's important to note that these symptoms can also be signs of other digestive disorders. However, if these changes persist, it's crucial to consult with a healthcare professional.
Rectal bleeding or Blood in Stool
Rectal bleeding or blood in the stool can be another early symptom of colon cancer. The blood may appear bright red, or stools may look very dark or black. While hemorrhoids or anal fissures can also cause these symptoms, they should never be dismissed without a proper medical evaluation. Any occurrence of blood in the stool should be reported to a healthcare provider.
Abdominal Discomfort
Frequent gas, bloating, fullness, cramps, or pain in the abdomen can also be early signs of colon cancer. While these symptoms can be attributed to numerous common digestive disorders, persistent discomfort should not be ignored and needs medical attention.
Unexplained Weight Loss
Rapid, unexplained weight loss can be a sign of several types of cancer, including colon cancer. If an individual is losing weight without trying and it's accompanied by other symptoms like fatigue, it's important to seek medical advice.
Fatigue or Weakness
Constant tiredness or weakness that doesn't go away with rest can be an indicator of colon cancer. This can occur if the cancer causes a loss of blood, leading to anemia. While fatigue can be a symptom of many conditions, it's crucial to get it checked if it's persistent and unexplained.
Iron Deficiency Anemia
Iron deficiency anemia can be a sign of hidden bleeding in the body, possibly from a cancerous polyp or tumor in the colon or rectum. Symptoms of anemia include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, and shortness of breath. If tests indicate anemia, further investigation can help identify the cause.