Migraines, characterized by intense, throbbing headaches often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and sensitivity to light and sound, can be debilitating for those who experience them. While the exact cause of migraines is not yet fully understood, it is recognized that certain lifestyle factors, including diet, can play a significant role in triggering these painful episodes. This article will explore five food triggers commonly associated with migraines.
Aged Cheese
Aged cheeses, such as blue, cheddar, gorgonzola, mozzarella, parmesan, and Swiss, are high in a substance called tyramine. Tyramine is a by-product of the protein breakdown that occurs naturally as cheese ages. Some research suggests that when levels of tyramine build up in your system, it can trigger a migraine. If you are prone to migraines, consider limiting your intake of aged cheese and monitor for any correlation between consumption and migraine onset.
Cured Meats
Cured meats like sausage, bacon, ham, and hot dogs often contain preservatives known as nitrates and nitrites, designed to prolong shelf life and enhance color. However, these substances can cause changes to the vascular system, including dilation and inflammation, which can trigger a migraine. It may be helpful to reduce your intake of processed meats and opt for fresh, unprocessed alternatives when possible.
Alcohol
Alcohol, particularly red wine and beer, has long been recognized as a common migraine trigger. The exact reason why alcohol triggers migraines is not completely understood, but it may be due to the presence of tyramine, histamine, and other chemicals that are known to impact blood flow to the brain. Dehydration caused by alcohol could also be a contributing factor. If you notice a link between alcohol consumption and migraines, it may be beneficial to limit your intake or avoid it altogether.
Caffeine
While small amounts of caffeine can help relieve a migraine for some people, too much can cause a rebound headache or even a migraine. This is particularly true if you regularly consume large amounts and then suddenly stop. If you drink a lot of coffee, tea, or other caffeinated drinks, it may be worth cutting back gradually to see if this reduces your migraine frequency.
Artificial Sweeteners
Artificial sweeteners, like aspartame, found in many diet drinks and low-calorie foods, have been reported to trigger migraines in some people. While the exact mechanism is not clear, it is thought that aspartame may cause an increase in the brain chemical phenylalanine, which can affect the neurotransmitter serotonin and potentially trigger a migraine. To avoid this potential trigger, try to limit your intake of artificially sweetened products and opt for naturally sweet foods instead.