Atrial fibrillation, commonly referred to as afib, is a heart condition characterized by an irregular and often rapid heart rate. This condition can increase the risk of strokes, heart failure, and other cardiac-related complications. Understanding the causes of afib is crucial for its prevention and treatment. This article will delve into seven main causes of this heart condition.
High Blood Pressure
High blood pressure, or hypertension, is one of the most common causes of afib. Hypertension puts extra strain on the heart's walls, making them thicker and stiffer over time. This can change the way electrical impulses travel through the heart, potentially leading to afib.
Heart Disease
Heart disease, particularly ischemic heart disease, can cause afib. Ischemic heart disease occurs when the heart's blood supply is blocked or interrupted by a buildup of fatty substances in the coronary arteries. This can damage or overwork the heart muscle, leading to afib.
Thyroid Conditions
Hyperthyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland produces too much thyroid hormone, can also cause afib. Excess thyroid hormone can increase the heart rate and disrupt the electrical signals in the heart, potentially triggering afib.
Age
While afib can occur at any age, the risk increases significantly with age. The changes in the heart's structure and function that naturally occur with aging can predispose an individual to afib.
Alcohol and Stimulant Use
Heavy alcohol consumption, especially binge drinking, can trigger episodes of afib. Stimulants such as caffeine and nicotine can also increase the heart rate and potentially lead to afib.
Sleep Apnea
People with sleep apnea, a condition where breathing repeatedly stops and starts during sleep, have a higher risk of afib. Sleep apnea can result in low oxygen levels and put strain on the heart, possibly causing afib.
Chronic Conditions
Certain chronic conditions, such as diabetes and kidney disease, can increase the risk of developing afib. These conditions can cause changes in the body that affect the heart, leading to afib.